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AUTHOR-DATE SYSTEM

Free APSA Style (American Political Science Association) Citation Generator

Governed by the American Political Science Association, this style adapts Chicago Author-Date for political science, government publications, and constitutional documents.

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Reference List / Bibliography Entry
In-Text Citation (Parenthetical or Numeric)

Core Formatting Rules (APSA)

Standards derived directly from APSA Style Manual for Political Science (2018 rev.).

Author-Date System

(Putnam 2000) or Putnam (2000:67) for specific passages.

Government Document Rules

Specific standards for citing Congressional hearings, bills, and treaties.

Full Author Names

Provide first names in references to assist readers in identifying scholars.

Hanging Indent

References ordered alphabetically with standard hanging indents.

Worked APSA Example: Journal Article

Reference list entry and corresponding in-text citation correctly formatted in APSA.

Reference List Entry
Keohane, Robert O., and Joseph S. Nye. 2023. "Transnational Relations in Contemporary Geopolitics." International Organization 77 (2): 245–271.
In-Text Citation
(Keohane and Nye 2023)

Disciplines & Target Fields

Academic subjects and publications that require APSA formatting.

Political ScienceInternational RelationsPublic PolicySecurity Studies

Compare with Other Citation Styles

Switch between style manuals to see different in-text patterns and bibliography rules.

APA 7th Edition (APA) MLA 9th Edition (MLA) Chicago 17th Edition (Notes & Bibliography) (Chicago) Harvard Referencing System (Harvard) IEEE Style (IEEE) Vancouver Style (Vancouver) ACS Style (American Chemical Society) (ACS) AMA Manual of Style (AMA) CSE Style (Council of Science Editors) (CSE) ASA Style (American Sociological Association) (ASA) The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation (Bluebook) Turabian 9th Edition (Turabian) NLM Style (National Library of Medicine) (NLM) ASME Style (American Society of Mechanical Engineers) (ASME)

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the golden rules of APSA citation formatting?

Author-Date System: (Putnam 2000) or Putnam (2000:67) for specific passages. Government Document Rules: Specific standards for citing Congressional hearings, bills, and treaties. Full Author Names: Provide first names in references to assist readers in identifying scholars. Hanging Indent: References ordered alphabetically with standard hanging indents.

Which academic fields use APSA?

APSA Style (American Political Science Association) is primarily used across Political Science, International Relations, Public Policy, Security Studies.

What official manual defines APSA rules?

Official guidelines and standards are documented in "APSA Style Manual for Political Science (2018 rev.)".

How do I generate and copy a citation with this tool?

Select your source type (journal, book, website, etc.), fill in the metadata fields, and click "Copy Reference" or "Copy In-Text". It runs 100% in your browser without tracking.

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